Ohio law
Bankruptcy Laws in Ohio.
Bankruptcy is governed by federal law, but Ohio determines which property exemptions apply. Ohio does not allow debtors to choose federal bankruptcy exemptions — state exemptions must be used. Ohio offers a homestead exemption of $182,625, retirement accounts are well-protected (IRAs up to approximately $1.7 million, employer-sponsored plans fully exempt), and there is a small wildcard exemption of $1,675.
Last verified: 2026-02-25
State law
Filing Requirements
Federal filing fee for Chapter 7 bankruptcy. Fee waivers available for qualifying low-income filers.
Federal filing fee for Chapter 13 bankruptcy.
You must complete credit counseling from an approved agency within 180 days before filing and a debtor education course before discharge.
You must have been domiciled in Ohio for at least 730 days (2 years) before filing to use Ohio exemptions. Otherwise, your prior state's exemptions apply.
State law
Key Ohio Statutes
Protects up to $182,625 in equity in your primary residence (real or personal property used as a residence). Amount is adjusted periodically.
Protects up to $5,025 in equity in one motor vehicle.
Employer-sponsored retirement plans (401(k), 403(b), pensions) are fully exempt. IRAs are protected up to approximately $1,711,975 per person.
A wildcard exemption of $1,675 can be applied to any property. This is relatively small compared to many other states.
75% of earned but unpaid wages are exempt from garnishment.
Ohio does not allow bankruptcy filers to choose federal exemptions. You must use Ohio state exemptions.
State law
Official Sources
Not Legal Advice
This page summarizes publicly available statutes and rules for informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice, and no attorney-client relationship is created by viewing this content. Laws change — always verify with the primary source or consult a licensed attorney in Ohio.
More in Ohio
Other state law topics.
Personal Injury Laws·Criminal Defense Laws·Family Laws·Immigration Laws·Employment Laws·Medical Malpractice Laws·Workers' Compensation Laws·Social Security Disability Laws·Wrongful Death Laws·Product Liability Laws·Long-Term Disability & ERISA Laws·Estate Planning Laws·Probate Laws·Real Estate Laws·Landlord & Tenant Laws·Business Laws·Intellectual Property Laws·Tax Laws·Elder Laws·Nursing Home Abuse & Neglect Laws·Civil Rights Laws·Domestic Violence Laws·Veterans Legal Services Laws·Healthcare & Benefits Laws·Construction Defect Laws·Insurance Disputes Laws·Premises Liability Laws·Commercial Litigation Laws·Environmental Laws·Securities & Finance Laws·Municipal Laws·Administrative Laws