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California law

Civil Rights Laws in California.

California civil-rights law is among the most expansive in the country. The Fair Employment and Housing Act (FEHA) covers employment and housing discrimination on a broad list of protected characteristics; the Unruh Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination by business establishments; and the Bane Civil Rights Act provides remedies for interference with constitutional and statutory rights. California claims run alongside federal Title VII, ADA, § 1983, and Fair Housing Act claims.

Last verified: 2026-04-17

State law

Statute of Limitations

Administrative and court deadlines vary by claimCal. Gov. Code §§ 12960 et seq.; federal civil-rights statutes

California civil-rights claims do not follow one universal deadline. FEHA employment claims generally require a pre-suit filing with the Civil Rights Department within 3 years, followed by a right-to-sue letter and then suit within 1 year of that letter; federal claims run on their own timelines.

State law

Key California Statutes

California Fair Employment and Housing ActCal. Gov. Code §§ 12900 et seq.

FEHA prohibits employment and housing discrimination based on a broad list of protected characteristics, with administrative enforcement through the California Civil Rights Department and a private right of action.

Unruh Civil Rights ActCal. Civ. Code § 51

The Unruh Civil Rights Act prohibits discrimination by business establishments and provides for statutory damages, making it central to California public-accommodations litigation, including disability-access cases.

Bane Civil Rights ActCal. Civ. Code § 52.1

The Bane Act authorizes civil actions where a person interferes with constitutional or statutory rights through threats, intimidation, or coercion, and is frequently used in excessive-force and police-misconduct cases.

Federal Civil Rights Statutes42 U.S.C. §§ 1981, 1983, 2000e et seq.

Federal civil-rights statutes — including § 1983 for state-actor misconduct and Title VII for employment discrimination — are frequently paired with California claims.

State law

Official Sources

Not Legal Advice

This page summarizes publicly available statutes and rules for informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice, and no attorney-client relationship is created by viewing this content. Laws change — always verify with the primary source or consult a licensed attorney in California.

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