Business Laws in North Dakota.

Governs formation, governance, mergers, dissolutions, and shareholder rights of ND for-profit corporations.

Governs formation, operating agreements, management, and dissolution of LLCs.

North Dakota declares general restraints on lawful profession, trade, or business VOID. Narrow exceptions exist for (1) sale of goodwill of a business; (2) partnership dissolution restrictions; and (3) LLC member-withdrawal restrictions. Pure EMPLOYEE noncompetes are generally unenforceable — one of the most restrictive rules in the U.S.

Provides civil remedies for misappropriation of trade secrets including injunctive relief, damages, and exemplary damages up to 2x for willful misappropriation.

North Dakota's adoption of the UCC governing sales of goods, leases, negotiable instruments, secured transactions, and related commercial matters.

North Dakota operates the only state-owned commercial bank in the United States — the Bank of North Dakota (BND). BND serves as a partner to private-sector banks and finances major state initiatives.