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North Dakota law

Environmental Laws in North Dakota.

North Dakota environmental law combines federal programs (RCRA, CERCLA, CWA, CAA) with state implementation through the North Dakota Department of Environmental Quality (NDDEQ). North Dakota's environmental practice is dominated by oil-and-gas regulation under the North Dakota Industrial Commission's Oil and Gas Division — given the Bakken Shale's massive production. The North Dakota Water Quality Act, Air Pollution Control Act, and Hazardous Waste Management Act implement delegated federal programs. North Dakota's agriculture-industrial complex produces significant nutrient-runoff, CAFO, and pesticide-related matters.

Last verified: 2026-04-17

State law

Key North Dakota Statutes

Water Quality ActN.D. Cent. Code Chapter 61-28

Authorizes NDDEQ to administer NPDES permitting and state water-quality programs under delegated CWA authority.

Air Pollution Control ActN.D. Cent. Code Chapter 23.1-06

Authorizes NDDEQ to administer air-quality programs under delegated CAA authority.

Hazardous Waste ManagementN.D. Cent. Code Chapter 23.1-04

Regulates hazardous waste under delegated RCRA authority.

North Dakota Oil and Gas ConservationN.D. Cent. Code Chapter 38-08

Regulates oil and gas production through the North Dakota Industrial Commission's Oil and Gas Division. Comprehensive permitting, spacing, and production rules given the Bakken Shale's massive development.

Surface Damage and Reclamation LawN.D. Cent. Code Chapter 38-11.1

Protects surface-estate owners whose land is disturbed by oil-and-gas operations. Requires surface-use agreements, compensation, and reclamation by oil-and-gas operators.

State law

Official Sources

Not Legal Advice

This page summarizes publicly available statutes and rules for informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice, and no attorney-client relationship is created by viewing this content. Laws change — always verify with the primary source or consult a licensed attorney in North Dakota.

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