Civil Rights Laws in New York.

Prohibits discrimination in employment, housing, public accommodations, and credit. Applies to ALL employers (1+ employees post-2020). Protected classes include race, color, religion, national origin, ancestry, sex, pregnancy, sexual orientation, gender identity or expression, disability, familial status, marital status, military status, age (18+), and many others.

Among the nation's broadest local civil-rights laws. Expansive protected classes and liberal construction mandate. NYC CHR enforces; private right of action with no cap on damages.

Eliminated employer threshold, extended SOL for sexual harassment to 3 years, banned mandatory arbitration of discrimination claims, prohibited NDAs that prevent complaint disclosure, and lowered the severe-or-pervasive standard to "more than petty slights or trivial inconveniences."

Stop Hacks and Improve Electronic Data Security Act. Requires businesses to implement reasonable data-security safeguards and provides strong breach-notification requirements.

Unlike New Mexico and Colorado, New York has not enacted state-law analog to § 1983 without qualified immunity. Federal § 1983 claims with qualified immunity defense remain the primary vehicle for state-actor constitutional claims.