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Vermont law

Environmental Laws in Vermont.

Vermont has one of the most distinctive state-level environmental-law regimes in the United States. Act 250 (10 V.S.A. ch. 151), enacted in 1970 at roughly the same time as NEPA, imposes statewide land-use permit review on qualifying developments and subdivisions across ten statutory criteria — including air and water pollution, aesthetics, soil erosion, wildlife habitat, and primary agricultural soils. Vermont also operates the Environmental Division of the Superior Court as a statewide specialized court (4 V.S.A. § 1001) hearing Act 250, Agency of Natural Resources, and municipal land-use appeals.

Last verified: 2026-04-20

State law

Key Vermont Statutes

Vermont's landmark 1970 land-use and development law — requiring permits for qualifying projects based on 10 environmental and community criteria. Administered by district environmental commissions, with appeals to the Environmental Division.

Environmental Division of the Superior Court4 V.S.A. § 1001

Vermont's specialized statewide environmental court — the only one of its kind in New England. Hears Act 250, Agency of Natural Resources, and municipal land-use-panel appeals.

Water Pollution Control10 V.S.A. ch. 47

Vermont's water-pollution-control framework, central to Lake Champlain phosphorus-TMDL implementation and dairy-agriculture regulation.

Global Warming Solutions Act10 V.S.A. ch. 3

Vermont's 2020 Global Warming Solutions Act — establishing binding greenhouse-gas reduction requirements and a private right of action to enforce them.

State law

Official Sources

Not Legal Advice

This page summarizes publicly available statutes and rules for informational purposes only. It does not constitute legal advice, and no attorney-client relationship is created by viewing this content. Laws change — always verify with the primary source or consult a licensed attorney in Vermont.

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